With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, water quality safety issues have attracted increasing attention. This study uses a water quality analysis data set containing 7999 data records, covering various chemical substance concentration measurements and safety thresholds, as well as "safe or not" classi?cation variables, and uses the Extra Tree Classi?er model to conduct water quality safety modeling prediction and data analysis. The purpose of this study is to provide a reliable model to help policymakers and relevant departments better monitor and maintain water quality safety, thereby ensuring public health and environmental sustainability.