With the rapid development of technologies such as cloud computing and artificial intelligence (AI), the education sector is undergoing profound changes. As an essential component of the information technology major, the teaching reform and practice of Linux technology courses are of great significance for cultivating high-quality talents that meet the demands of the new era. This paper focuses on the teaching innovation in the field of information technology and deeply explores the teaching reform paths and practical methods of Linux technology courses in a private cloud environment, empowered by AI technology. By analyzing the existing problems in the current teaching of this course, it expounds on the necessity and feasibility of the cloud-intelligence integrated teaching model. It elaborates on specific measures such as building a teaching environment based on a private cloud platform, optimizing teaching content and resources with AI assistance, and innovating teaching methods and means. Through the analysis of actual teaching cases, it compares the teaching effects before and after the reform, aiming to provide beneficial references and inspirations for improving the teaching quality of Linux technology courses and cultivating high-quality talents that adapt to the demands of the times.