Microcontroller technology is one of the core technologies in the electronic information industry and is widely used in consumer electronics, industrial control, medical equipment, and the Internet of Things. The course of Microcontroller Technology and Application is a core course for majors such as Electronic Information Engineering Technology. Take the course of Microcontroller Technology and Application for example, this paper reforms the course content and teaching methods by applying the action-oriented theory. It analyzes the professional action fields of single-chip microcomputer software and hardware development, reconstructs the teaching units, and decomposes three learning scenarios into eight typical work tasks. This paper guides teachers to use the "six-step method" to organize students to complete the work tasks, and guides the reform of teaching materials and teaching methods to improve teaching quality, providing a reference for teaching reform.