为解决信号弱覆盖区、无人区等场景下,地面应急通信保障车观测受限与无人机续航不足对应急搜救效率的制约问题,提出基于LoRa无线传感网的边缘无人机搜救策略,设计热成像感知采集节点,挂载至边缘无人机,与网关无人机组建LoRa星型通信网络;设计一种自适应动态时间窗口的节点分配算法,根据搜救区域有效地分配边缘无人机数量,实现感知数据的高效传输。研究结果表明,本方法能实时获取远程搜救区生命环境信息,网内报文获取能力对比提升1.14%,可为现场搜救决策提供高效的信息支撑。

To address the constraints on the efficiency of emergency search and rescue caused by the limited observation of ground emergency communication support vehicles and the insufficient battery life of drones in scenarios such as weak signal coverage areas and no-man's lands, an edge drone search and rescue strategy based on the LoRa wireless sensor network is proposed. A thermal imaging sensing and acquisition node is designed and mounted on the edge drone to form a LoRa star communication network together with the gateway drone. An adaptive dynamic time window node allocation algorithm is designed to effectively allocate the number of edge drones according to the search and rescue area, enabling the efficient transmission of sensing data. The research results show that this method can acquire the life and environmental information in the remote search and rescue area in real time, and the message acquisition ability within the network is improved by 1.14% compared with the previous method, which can provide efficient information support for on-site search and rescue decision-making.