To deal with the issue of lifecycle security of Publicly Posted Composite Documents (PPCD) which was proposed in re- cent years, in this paper, we propose a Secure Self-Destruction Scheme for Publicly Posted Composite Documents with Hierarchical Identity-based Encryption (HICDSS), which can protect a user’s sensitive PPCD automatically destructed after a period of time. We form a new structure of the PPCD with different security levels. We firstly encrypt the different security documents into ciphertexts by different symmetric keys and encrypt the symmetric keys using the HIBE algorithm; then use the Mingle Shares Generaion algo- rithm to make the part of document’s ciphertext and the symmetric key’s ciphertext into mixed ciphertext, and sent the mixed ci- phertext into the Object Storage System; finally we analyze and prove the security, efficiency and performance of the HICDSS scheme.