随着大模型时代的到来,人工智能技术渗透各领域,推动产业升级,也对职业院校计算机类课程实践教学提出变革与创新需求。针对当前AI融入教学存在的目标模糊、路径零散、与岗位脱节等问题,运用文献研究、调研及案例分析法,梳理职业院校计算机教学现状,构建“认知—应用—创新”三阶目标实践教学优化路径,明确其内涵、特征与实践方法。结果显示,该路径可提升学生AI应用能力与创新思维,试点班级计算机实践课程考核优良率提升明显,AI技能竞赛获奖显著增加。结论表明,此路径能精准对接大模型时代人才培养需求,为教学质量提升提供实施框架,丰富AI与职业教育融合研究成果。

In the era of LLMs, artificial intelligence technology permeates various fields, promotes industrial upgrading, and also puts forward the need for reform and innovation in practical teaching of computer courses in vocational colleges. In response to the problems of vague goals, scattered paths, and disconnection from job positions in the current integration of AI into teaching, this article uses literature research, investigation, and case analysis methods to sort out the current situation, construct a three-level goal practice teaching optimization path of "cognition-application-innovation", and clarify its connotation, characteristics, and practical methods. The results show that this path can enhance students' AI application ability and innovative thinking. The excellent rate of computer practice course assessment in pilot classes has significantly improved, and the number of awards in AI skill competitions has significantly increased. The conclusion indicates that this path can accurately meet the talent training needs in the era of large models, provide an implementation framework for improving teaching quality, and enrich the research results of the integration of AI and vocational education.