为了解决摄像机在视觉测量中的应用这一问题，必须实现摄像机的高精度标定，设计了摄像机标定系统。首先，从摄像机标定技术的基础理论研究出发，对摄像机标定技术的原理和所采用的张正友标定法的基本原理进行了分析总结。然后，利用Matlab 标定工具箱和一张8x12，正方形边长为26mm的黑白棋盘格，对设计的摄像机系统进行标定。最后，分析了标定系统中的误差，对该系统的设计进行验证。实验结果表明：摄像机的主点坐标误差为：[-0.01186;0.03393]；摄像机外部参数标定像素误差达到[0.22981; 0.16846]。基本满足视觉测量的稳定可靠、精度高、抗干扰能力强、可移植性强等要求，为后续应用到视觉测量中奠定了基础。

In order to solve the problem of the application in vision measuring, high precision calibration of camera must be realized.A camera calibration system is established in this paper. First, based on the theory of camera calibration technique, the principle of camera calibration is discussed. And the basic principle of the Zhang Zhengyou’s calibration method is analyzed and summarized.Then, the calibration toolbox of Matlab and an 8x12 checkerboard pattern (each square is 26mm x 26mm) is used to calibrate the designed camera system. Finally, the error of the calibration system is analyzed, and the design of the system is verified as well.Experimental results indicate that the principal point coordinate errors of the camera are [-0.02425; 0.05059], and the pixel errors in calibration of external parameters are [0.23081; 0.16866]. It can satisfy the system requirements of stability and reliability, higher precision and strong anti-jamming, as well as portability, etc. And it lays the foundation for the following application to vision measuring.